| HUMIDIFIER FEVER
Humidifier fever is a disease of uncertain etiology . It shares symptoms with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, but the high attack rate and short term effects may indicate that toxins <eg., bacterial endotoxins> are involved. Onset occurs a few hours after exposure. It is a flu like illness marked by fever, headache, chills myalgia and malaise but without prominent pulmonary symptoms. It normally subsides within 24 hours without residual effects,and a physician is rarely consulted. Humidifier fever has been relate to exposure to amoebae, bacteria, and fungi found in humidifier reservoirs, air conditioners and aquaria. The attack rate within a workplace may be quite high, sometimes exceeding 25 percent. Bacterial and fungal organisms can be emitted from
impeller and ultrasonic humidifiers. Mesophylic fungi, thermophylic bacteria and
thermophylic actinomycetes --all of which are associated with the development of allergic
responses -- have been isolated from humidifiers built into forced air systems as well as
separate console units. Airborne concentrations of microorganisms are noted during
operatiojn and might be quite high for individuals using ultrasonic or cool mist units.
Drying and chemical disinfection with bleach or 3% hydrogen peroxide solution are
effective remedial measures over a short period , but cannot be considered as reliable
maintenance. |
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